Festival calendar in Varanasi, August 2028 · kundlit
Festival calendar in Varanasi, August 2028
Every Vedic festival, ekadashi, purnima, amavasya and sankranti for this month — computed live from the panchanga engine, tiered by rarity, citation-backed. 74 events: 0 major, 28 medium, 46 recurring.
Muhurta Chintamani — Shubhashubha Prakarana, Nitya-yoga (27 yogas) enumeration, verses 23-24 + 26 (Pyarelal Mishra ed., lines 825-851 and lines 863-905)Indra is named among the 27 nitya-yogas; classical muhurta treats Indra-yoga as auspicious for leadership and power karyas.
Muhurta Chintamani — Nakshatra-prakarana (tyajya nakshatra and yoga), verse 34 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 983-1007) — 'विष्कम्भवज्रवटिकात्रयमेव वर्ज्यम्'Vishkambha (with vajra) — first three vatikas (ghatikas) explicitly forbidden in shubha-karma; the yoga's name literally means 'obstruction'.
Muhurta Chintamani — Shubhashubha-prakarana, tyajya yoga section, verse 35Shula yoga's first 5 ghatikas explicitly enjoined for rejection in all karmas — especially travel.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, jataka-yoga-phala section, verses 195-196Shula-yoga jataka described as shura-vira but adhana (without wealth) — reinforces 'painful obstacles' theme.
Muhurta Chintamani — Shubhashubha-prakaranam (tyajya nakshatra-yoga section), verses 34-35'Parigha-rdhaṁ pancha shule shaṭ cha ganda-atigandayoh, vyaghate nava-naadyash cha varjyaah sarveshu karmasu.' Ganda and Atiganda yogas explicitly listed with 6 nadis to be avoided in all auspicious works.
Sun enters a new rashi (solar ingress). All Sankrantis are considered punya kala. Sacred bath, surya arghya, tila dana, and charity are prescribed. The punya kala extends 16 ghatikas (~6.5 hours) before and after the exact transition moment.
Sankranti Snana & Dana·
Makar Sankranti Surya Puja·
Mesha Sankranti Vishnu Puja·
Thu · Aug 17
Dwadashi
द्वादशी
Recurring03:49 – 01:43dwadashivishnuparana
Parana (breaking Ekadashi fast) and Vishnu worship
Muhurta Chintamani — Shubhashubha-prakaranam, verses 20-21 (vara-nakshatra niṣiddha chart)Muhurta Chintamani's vara-nakshatra table places Shani-Rohini in the niṣiddha set; the inverse Shani-Pushya is the canonically auspicious counterpart used in panchanga tradition for Saturn remedies and discipline-related works.
Phaladeepika — Upagraha-prakarana (calculation of dhuma, vyatipata, parivesha, indrachapa, ketu), verse 5 (formula for vyatipata from solar position; Hindi-Alt ed., around lines 22701-22750)
Muhurta Chintamani — Nakshatra-prakarana (tyajya nakshatra and yoga), verse 34 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 983-1007) — 'विष्कम्भवज्रवटिकात्रयमेव वर्ज्यम्'Vishkambha (with vajra) — first three vatikas (ghatikas) explicitly forbidden in shubha-karma; the yoga's name literally means 'obstruction'.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Ekadashi-vrata section, Ekadashi-vrata-mahatmya (sankshipta ed., text around lines 14901-14950)Detailed rules on dashami-viddha vs dvadashi-viddha Ekadashi, fasting and parana.
Brahma Vaivarta Purana — Krishna-janma-khanda, Ekadashi-vrata prescription, Ekadashi-upavasa section (sankshipta ed., text around lines 71651-71700)All Vaishnavas, yatis, widows, brahmacharis are to fast on every Ekadashi.
Matsya Purana — Surya-vamsha-varnana (origin of Vishti/Bhadra), Vishti as Chhaya's daughter (Gita Press ed., around lines 5851-5900)Vishti (Bhadra) — bhayankara-rupavali tritiya kanya — is established as kala-karana-svarupa, the personification of the inauspicious karana.
Phaladeepika — Santanachinta-prakarana (use of Vishti-karana in muhurta), verse 15 (Hindi-Alt ed., around lines 9801-9850)Phaladeepika explicitly names Vishti-karana as varjya for shubha-karya and for santana-prashna; classical avoidance rule.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Karana-jnana-vidhi (11 karanas including Vishti), around verses 124-125 (sankshipta ed., around lines 34051-34100)Lists the 7 chara + 4 sthira karanas including Vishti (#7) — formula to determine karana from tithi-number.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Jyotish-prakarana (ninda-yoga enumeration), ninda-yoga section (Sankshipta ed., lines 41901-41950) — 'वैधृति और व्यतीपात ये दोनों महापात हैं, इन दोनोंको शुभ कार्योमें सदा त्याग देना चाहिये'Classes vaidhriti+vyatipata as the two great mahapatas; recommends pitru-karma instead during these.
'Yadi dvitiya din dvadashi hai to pehle din ki dashami-viddha ekadashi bhi niṣiddha hi hai (isliye aisi paristhiti mein dvadashi ko vrata karna chahiye).'
, verses 212-3, 213-4 (Sankshipta ed., lines 41901-41950) — Vishkambha listed as first of 27 yogas; later ninda-yoga group enumerates vishkambha among tyajya-portions
Vishkambha is the 1st nitya-yoga (svami: Yama); first 3 ghatikas to be avoided in all auspicious work.
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Muhurta Chintamani — Samskara-prakarana (Pradosha-lakshana), verse 55 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 3616-3650) — 'अर्कतर्कत्रितिथिषु प्रदोषः स्यात्'Defines pradosha-kala as the half-prahar around sunset on Trayodashi, Chaturdashi, Pratipad and other listed tithis.
Skanda Purana — Pradosha-vrata-mahatmya (Chandrasena and Shrikara legend), section on Pradosha-shivapujana (Sankshipta ed., lines 88951-89000)Anjananandana Hanuman teaches the gopa Shrikara the discipline of Pradosha Shiva worship.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Purnima-vrata-prakarana, opening section (masa-wise Purnima vratas)Sanatana-narada vada on Purnima vratas through the year.
Matsya Purana — Parva-sandhi and Purnima-tithi prakarana, section on pakshanta-sandhi and pournamasika
Names all 11 karanas with their phala — Bava (chara, first) is the auspicious chara-karana for new beginnings; karanas grouped as 'phaladah svanama' (effects per their names).
BPHS — Panchanga-sadhana / Karana-prakarana, standard BPHS section on the 11 karanas (Bava-Balava-Kaulava ... Naga-Kimstughna)BPHS lists the chara-karanas (Bava through Vishti) as repeated 8 times across the 30 tithi-halves; Bava is the first and most auspicious.
Bhavishya Purana — Uttara-parva, Chaturthi-vrata-kalpa (Angaraka-chaturthi-vrata-varnana), Chaturthi-vrata chapter (DLI Hindi ed., around lines 70101-70150)Krishna-Yudhishthira samvada on Chaturthi vrata including Angaraka Chaturthi.
Names all 11 karanas with their phala — Bava (chara, first) is the auspicious chara-karana for new beginnings; karanas grouped as 'phaladah svanama' (effects per their names).
BPHS — Panchanga-sadhana / Karana-prakarana, standard BPHS section on the 11 karanas (Bava-Balava-Kaulava ... Naga-Kimstughna)BPHS lists the chara-karanas (Bava through Vishti) as repeated 8 times across the 30 tithi-halves; Bava is the first and most auspicious.
Manasa-pancami (Naga-panchami) enjoined for monthly or festival worship — establishes Panchami-Naga link.
Matsya Purana — Surya-vamsha-varnana (origin of Vishti/Bhadra), Vishti as Chhaya's daughter (Gita Press ed., around lines 5851-5900)Vishti (Bhadra) — bhayankara-rupavali tritiya kanya — is established as kala-karana-svarupa, the personification of the inauspicious karana.
Phaladeepika — Santanachinta-prakarana (use of Vishti-karana in muhurta), verse 15 (Hindi-Alt ed., around lines 9801-9850)Phaladeepika explicitly names Vishti-karana as varjya for shubha-karya and for santana-prashna; classical avoidance rule.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Karana-jnana-vidhi (11 karanas including Vishti), around verses 124-125 (sankshipta ed., around lines 34051-34100)Lists the 7 chara + 4 sthira karanas including Vishti (#7) — formula to determine karana from tithi-number.
Narada Purana
— Purvabhaga, Ashtami-vrata enumeration
, Month-wise Ashtami vratas (sankshipta ed., around lines 67901-67950)
Devi Bhagavata — Skandha 3, Navaratri-vidhi (importance of Ashtami), Ashtami pujan prescription (Vol. 1 Gita Press ed., around lines 45751-45800)If unable to do full nine-day Navaratri, Ashtami tithi must be observed; references Daksha-yajna context.
Narada Purana
— Purvabhaga, Ashtami-vrata enumeration
, Month-wise Ashtami vratas (sankshipta ed., around lines 67901-67950)
Devi Bhagavata — Skandha 3, Navaratri-vidhi (importance of Ashtami), Ashtami pujan prescription (Vol. 1 Gita Press ed., around lines 45751-45800)If unable to do full nine-day Navaratri, Ashtami tithi must be observed; references Daksha-yajna context.
Twelve-month Navami-vrata catalogue — every Navami is sacred to Durga/Chandika/Kumari in some form.
Devi Bhagavata — Tritiya-skandha (Sharad/Vasanta Navaratri narrative), Tritiya-skandha, Sudarshana-Subahu Navaratri narrative (Gita Press Vol.1, around lines 44951-45000) — 'नवरात्रेषु सर्वेषु ... अर्चनं हवनं यागं देव्या'Each Navami caps the Navaratri sequence; the day is fixed for Devi-arcana, havana, yaga.
Sources (2)
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Ekadashi-vrata section, Ekadashi-vrata-mahatmya (sankshipta ed., text around lines 14901-14950)Detailed rules on dashami-viddha vs dvadashi-viddha Ekadashi, fasting and parana.
Brahma Vaivarta Purana — Krishna-janma-khanda, Ekadashi-vrata prescription, Ekadashi-upavasa section (sankshipta ed., text around lines 71651-71700)All Vaishnavas, yatis, widows, brahmacharis are to fast on every Ekadashi.
Names all 11 karanas with their phala — Bava (chara, first) is the auspicious chara-karana for new beginnings; karanas grouped as 'phaladah svanama' (effects per their names).
BPHS — Panchanga-sadhana / Karana-prakarana, standard BPHS section on the 11 karanas (Bava-Balava-Kaulava ... Naga-Kimstughna)BPHS lists the chara-karanas (Bava through Vishti) as repeated 8 times across the 30 tithi-halves; Bava is the first and most auspicious.
'Yadi dvitiya din dvadashi hai to pehle din ki dashami-viddha ekadashi bhi niṣiddha hi hai (isliye aisi paristhiti mein dvadashi ko vrata karna chahiye).'
Muhurta Chintamani — Samskara-prakarana (Pradosha-lakshana), verse 55 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 3616-3650) — 'अर्कतर्कत्रितिथिषु प्रदोषः स्यात्'Defines pradosha-kala as the half-prahar around sunset on Trayodashi, Chaturdashi, Pratipad and other listed tithis.
Skanda Purana — Pradosha-vrata-mahatmya (Chandrasena and Shrikara legend), section on Pradosha-shivapujana (Sankshipta ed., lines 88951-89000)Anjananandana Hanuman teaches the gopa Shrikara the discipline of Pradosha Shiva worship.
Brihat Samhita
— Adhyaya 98 (Nakshatra-devatadhyaya)
, Pushya / Tishya section
Pushya ('the nourisher') is named tarakaadhipa/king of nakshatras.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga (karana-svami and shubhashubha), verses ~255-257 (Surya stands in Shakuni-Kolava-Kimstughna karanas -- standing-Surya yields disturbance; inauspicious for most works)
Vyatipata = (Sun + 4r 13°20') subtracted from 12 rashis — defined as 'a-prakasha-graha' (invisible graha).
Parashara Smriti — Madhaviya-vritti, Dana-kala-nirupana, Section on vyatipata as inauspicious yoga / sankrama (Islampurkar 1894 ed., around lines 40233-40259)Mahavyatipata defined; cited alongside ayana and vishuva as auspicious-dana times despite the yoga itself being inauspicious for new beginnings.
Ashlesha's presiding devata is Sarpa/Naga; the Ashlesha-Amavasya combination is the canonical Naga-tarpana day (observed as Aayilyam in Kerala traditions).
Matsya Purana — Anga-puja adhyaya (Shiva-anga-nyasa with nakshatra-correspondence), Ashlesha verse ('Vibudhapriyaaya namah')Matsya Purana's nakshatra-anga-puja section assigns Ashlesha to Shiva's matha (head); mythological substrate for Naga-tarpana.
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Skanda Purana — Pitri-kalpa / Tithi-pravachana, amavasya definition section'Yogon mein vyatipata, nakshatron mein shravana, tithiyon mein amavasya aur purnima tatha sankranti-kala -- ye sab dana-karma mein pavitra mane gaye hain.' Amavasya named first among agnishvattadi pitarana priya tithis.
'Yam, Vishvedeva, Chandra, Brahma, Guru, Chandra, Indra, Jala, Sarpa, Agni, Surya, Bhumi, Rudra, Brahma, Varuna, Ganesha, Rudra, Kubera, Vishvakarma, Mitra...' -- Rudra is named twice (yoga 13 Vyaghata and yoga 20 Shiva); the Shiva-Yoga at index 20 derives its name from this lordship.
Names all 11 karanas with their phala — Bava (chara, first) is the auspicious chara-karana for new beginnings; karanas grouped as 'phaladah svanama' (effects per their names).
BPHS — Panchanga-sadhana / Karana-prakarana, standard BPHS section on the 11 karanas (Bava-Balava-Kaulava ... Naga-Kimstughna)BPHS lists the chara-karanas (Bava through Vishti) as repeated 8 times across the 30 tithi-halves; Bava is the first and most auspicious.
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Muhurta Chintamani — Nakshatra-prakarana (Tripushkar-yoga lakshana), verse 50 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 2076-2099) — 'भद्रातिथी रविजभूतनयार्कवारे ... त्रैपुष्करो भवति'Triples the fruit of any karma done within it.
Lists 28 anandadi yogas: 'siddhi' named explicitly as one yielding karya-siddhi by its own name (siddha-yoga is the 21st nitya-yoga).
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Anandadi-yoga section, Anandadi 28-yoga list (sankshipta ed., around lines 42101-42150)Siddhi yoga #19 in Anandadi enumeration; 'svanama-phaladayaka' — gives fruit per its name.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Dvitiya-vrata section (Ashunyashayana-vrata), month-wise Dvitiya-vrata (Sankshipta ed., lines 65701-65750) — 'अशुन्यशयन ... चन्द्रमाके लिये अर्घ्यदान'Shravana-Krishna Dvitiya = Ashunyashayana-vrata to Vishnu-Lakshmi with chandra-arghya; Kartika-shukla Dvitiya = Yamadvitiya.
, Ganesha-janma and Shiva's varadana (Gita Press Part 1, lines 87101-87150) — 'विघ्नोंके नष्ट करनेमें तुम्हारा नाम सर्वश्रेष्ठ होगा ... मेरे सम्पूर्ण गणोंके अध्यक्ष'
Canonical Ganesha-janma: Shiva's varadana to Parvati's son — naming him Vighnesha, lord of ganas, established him as foremost-worshipped on Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturthi.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Chaturthi-vrata (Bhadrapada-Chaturthi), Bhadrapada-Chaturthi section (Sankshipta ed., lines 66001-66050, 66401-66450) — 'जिस किसी मासमें भी चतुर्थी तिथि रविवार या मङ्गलवारसे युक्त हो तो वह विशेष फल'Twelve-month Chaturthi enumeration; Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturthi is named Ganesh-Chaturthi (Vinayaka-Chaturthi).
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Jyotish-prakarana (Anandadi 28-yoga catalogue), lines 42101-42150 — 'बुधवारको हस्तसे ... आनन्द, कालदण्ड ...' (Anandadi yoga reckoning)Anandadi-yoga catalogue starts Wednesday from Hasta nakshatra — establishes Wednesday + Hasta as the canonical 'Ananda' yoga seed-pairing.
Muhurta Chintamani — Yatra-prakarana (vara-nakshatra prescriptions), verse 11 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 5733-5757) — 'सर्वकाले शुभा ... हरिहस्तपुष्यशक्षिभिः'Hasta is grouped with Hari (Shravana), Pushya, Ashwini as 'shubha at all times' — strongest with Mercury's day for skill-work.
, verse 57 (Pyarelal Mishra Hindi ed., lines 2174-2196) — Sadhya not in the tyajya-list 'व्यतिपातवैधृति... परिघव्यावातगण्डयोग ... विष्टि ...'
Sadhya is conspicuously absent from the canonical 6-ninda-yoga list (vyatipata, vaidhriti, parigha, vyaghata, ganda, vajra), placing it among shubha-yogas — 'achievable goals' interpretation follows the literal 'sadhya' (to be accomplished).
Bhavishya Purana — Uttara-parva, Chaturthi-vrata-kalpa (Angaraka-chaturthi-vrata-varnana), Chaturthi-vrata chapter (DLI Hindi ed., around lines 70101-70150)Krishna-Yudhishthira samvada on Chaturthi vrata including Angaraka Chaturthi.
Manasa-pancami (Naga-panchami) enjoined for monthly or festival worship — establishes Panchami-Naga link.
Names all 11 karanas with their phala — Bava (chara, first) is the auspicious chara-karana for new beginnings; karanas grouped as 'phaladah svanama' (effects per their names).
BPHS — Panchanga-sadhana / Karana-prakarana, standard BPHS section on the 11 karanas (Bava-Balava-Kaulava ... Naga-Kimstughna)BPHS lists the chara-karanas (Bava through Vishti) as repeated 8 times across the 30 tithi-halves; Bava is the first and most auspicious.
— Prakriti Khanda (Shashthi-devi mahatmya)
, Shashthi-stuti section (devi identified as Kartikeya-pranapriya)
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Jyotish-prakarana (ninda-yoga enumeration), ninda-yoga section (Sankshipta ed., lines 41901-41950) — 'वैधृति और व्यतीपात ये दोनों महापात हैं, इन दोनोंको शुभ कार्योमें सदा त्याग देना चाहिये'Classes vaidhriti+vyatipata as the two great mahapatas; recommends pitru-karma instead during these.
Narada Purana
— Purvabhaga, Ashtami-vrata enumeration
, Month-wise Ashtami vratas (sankshipta ed., around lines 67901-67950)
Devi Bhagavata — Skandha 3, Navaratri-vidhi (importance of Ashtami), Ashtami pujan prescription (Vol. 1 Gita Press ed., around lines 45751-45800)If unable to do full nine-day Navaratri, Ashtami tithi must be observed; references Daksha-yajna context.
Matsya Purana — Surya-vamsha-varnana (origin of Vishti/Bhadra), Vishti as Chhaya's daughter (Gita Press ed., around lines 5851-5900)Vishti (Bhadra) — bhayankara-rupavali tritiya kanya — is established as kala-karana-svarupa, the personification of the inauspicious karana.
Phaladeepika — Santanachinta-prakarana (use of Vishti-karana in muhurta), verse 15 (Hindi-Alt ed., around lines 9801-9850)Phaladeepika explicitly names Vishti-karana as varjya for shubha-karya and for santana-prashna; classical avoidance rule.
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Karana-jnana-vidhi (11 karanas including Vishti), around verses 124-125 (sankshipta ed., around lines 34051-34100)Lists the 7 chara + 4 sthira karanas including Vishti (#7) — formula to determine karana from tithi-number.
, verses 212-3, 213-4 (Sankshipta ed., lines 41901-41950) — Vishkambha listed as first of 27 yogas; later ninda-yoga group enumerates vishkambha among tyajya-portions
Vishkambha is the 1st nitya-yoga (svami: Yama); first 3 ghatikas to be avoided in all auspicious work.
Twelve-month Navami-vrata catalogue — every Navami is sacred to Durga/Chandika/Kumari in some form.
Devi Bhagavata — Tritiya-skandha (Sharad/Vasanta Navaratri narrative), Tritiya-skandha, Sudarshana-Subahu Navaratri narrative (Gita Press Vol.1, around lines 44951-45000) — 'नवरात्रेषु सर्वेषु ... अर्चनं हवनं यागं देव्या'Each Navami caps the Navaratri sequence; the day is fixed for Devi-arcana, havana, yaga.
Mula/Jyeshtha/Ardra/Ashlesha + Saturday classed as 'tikshna-daruna' — fit for abhichara, ghata, pashu-damana, root-breaking work; Tuesday (Mars) is the krura-vara equivalent of Saturday for such karma.
Matsya Purana — Adbhuta-shanti-adhyaya (Mula-nakshatra adbhutas), verse 27 (Gita Press ed., lines 113101-113150) — 'मूले वरुणदैवत्ये ये भवन्त्यद्भुतास्तथा ... वारुणी ... महाशान्तिः'Establishes Mula's Varuna-daivatya and the prescribed Varuni-mahashanti — confirms Mula's intense, root-disturbing nature suited to Tuesday's Mars-energy for research and abhichara.
Verses 28-29 enumerate the full vara-nakshatra table (Sun: Hasta/Mula/Uttaraphalguni/Uttarashadha/Uttarabhadrapada/Pushya/Ashvini; Moon: Shravana/Rohini/Mrigashira/Pushya/Anuradha; Mars: Ashvini/Uttarabhadrapada/Krittika/Ashlesha; etc.) -- matches our table exactly.
Sources (2)
Narada Purana — Purvabhaga, Ekadashi-vrata section, Ekadashi-vrata-mahatmya (sankshipta ed., text around lines 14901-14950)Detailed rules on dashami-viddha vs dvadashi-viddha Ekadashi, fasting and parana.
Brahma Vaivarta Purana — Krishna-janma-khanda, Ekadashi-vrata prescription, Ekadashi-upavasa section (sankshipta ed., text around lines 71651-71700)All Vaishnavas, yatis, widows, brahmacharis are to fast on every Ekadashi.
'Yadi dvitiya din dvadashi hai to pehle din ki dashami-viddha ekadashi bhi niṣiddha hi hai (isliye aisi paristhiti mein dvadashi ko vrata karna chahiye).'
Names all 11 karanas with their phala — Bava (chara, first) is the auspicious chara-karana for new beginnings; karanas grouped as 'phaladah svanama' (effects per their names).
BPHS — Panchanga-sadhana / Karana-prakarana, standard BPHS section on the 11 karanas (Bava-Balava-Kaulava ... Naga-Kimstughna)BPHS lists the chara-karanas (Bava through Vishti) as repeated 8 times across the 30 tithi-halves; Bava is the first and most auspicious.
